Apology by Plato Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Apology by Plato - Essay ExampleSocrates on page three denies practicing this type of philosophy, although he does not want to disrespect its practitioners. 2) Socrates makes the worsened argument into the stronger argument (Apology,2). Socrates maintains that men of position who are examined by young men of the richer classes (6) who have learned his methods are humiliated. Their response is to slander Socrates Those who are examined by them the young men instead of being angry with themselves are angry with me. This confounded Socrates--and past if somebody asks them, why, what evil does he employment or teach? They do not know (6). In order to save face, these men accuse Socrates of sophistry.(6). 3) Socrates is guilty of itching the young. I will summarize Socrates examination of Meletus concerning this accusation The laws change the early days. All of the judges know the laws. Therefore, all the judges improve the youth. All Athenians improve the youth, according to Meletus . Socrates is an Athenian. But, according to Meletus, Socrates alone is their corrupter. This is an invalid argument. If all Athenians improve the youth, and Socrates is an Athenian, then he should also improve the youth. I understand the second argument as follows It is better to live among good citizens, because they do good. Everyone wants to be treated well. Socrates corrupts the youth intentionally, turning them vainglorious. Bad people do evil. Therefore, Socrates wants to be treated badly. (Apology,7-9). But either I do not corrupt them says Socrates, or I corrupt them unintentionallyIf my offence is unintentional, the law has no cognizance of unintentional offenses (Apology, 9). 4) Socrates does not believe in the gods of the city. Socrates out-argues Meletus on this accusation M you are a free atheist S Do you mean that I do not believe in the godhead of the sun or moon M I assure you, judges, that he does not believe in them for he says that the sun is stone and the moon earth S you have but a bad opinion of the judges, if you fancy them ignorant to such a degree as not to know that those doctrines are found in the books of Anaxogoras (Apology,9). The argument continues S piece of ass a man believe in spiritual and divine agencies, and not in spirits or demigods? M He cannot S You swear in the indictment that I teach and believe in divine or spiritual agenciesbut if I believe in divine beings, I must(prenominal) believe in spirits or demigods--is that not true? M Yes, that is true (Apology,10). On the first charge, that of Socrates practicing natural philosophy, I would find not guilty. Socrates is wrongly characterized in Aristophanes play. He is falsely accused by Meletus of believing that the sun is stone, etc. Meletus did not bother to get his facts straight. The natural philosophers at that time were toilsome to explain phenomena in terms of quantities that could be studied, i.e. Anaximenes theory that all things were made of air through e xpansion and condensation (http//www.academic.mu/phil/jonesj/). This type of early scientific interrogation was seen by those in power as a threat to the theocracy. The belief that the gods ruled the earth, and that the politicians could trace their lineage to the gods was a stabilizing force in society. Socrates maintains that divinity and the gods are wise, and that his actions are dictated by his belief in them. On the second charge, that Socrates makes the worse argument into the stronger argument, I would find not guilty. Socrates does not practice sophistry, which is a form of argument used for persuasion. The Sophists used this form of